Pneumatic pump



T. O. PERRY.

No. 485,880. Patented Nov. 8, 1892.

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PNEUMATIC PUMP.

No. 485,880 Patented Nov. 8, 1892.

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No. 485,880. Patented Nov. 8, 1892.

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T. O. PERRY. PNEUMATIG PUMP.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS OIPERRY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PNEUMATIC PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 485,880, dated November8, 1892.

Application filed September 5, 1891. Serial No. 404.854. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS O. PERRY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in a Pneumatic Pump, whichare fully set forth in the following specification, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates to devices for raising water by the force ofcompressed air introduced into submerged chambers, into which the waterflows by its head. In order to obtain continuous flow of water by thismethod, more than one chamber must necessarily be employed, because eachchamber must be allowed time to fill in the intervals between theperiods during which the water is being expelled by the force of thecompressed air. It has been customary to employ two chambers, which arealternately filled and emptied.

One feature of my invention consists in the employment of more than twochambers, with the effect of getting a more uniform flow, and anotherfeature consists in the means for operating the valve or valveswhichcontrol the access of compressed air to the chambers successively, andrelates, also, to the form of such valve, as Well as the specific formof the chambers and their controlling-valves.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pneumaticwater-elevator embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a section at the line 22 on Fig. 1, showing, therefore, the cylinder which contains thesubmerged chambers in top plan. Fig. 3 is a section at the line 3 3 onFig. 2. Fig. 4 is a section at the line 4. 4 on Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is asection at the line 5 5 on Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a sectional top plan of thecase containing the valve-regulating devices, the top plate being partlybroken away to show a motor-wheel, which forms part of thevalve-controlling mechanism, and other portions being shown in sectionat the plane 6 6 on Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a section at the line 7 7 on Fig.(i. Fig. 8 is a plan of the lower member of the valve-chamber and themechanism therein, being all of said chamber below the plane of the line8 S on Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is an inverse plan of the valve which controls theadmission of air successively to the chambers. Fig. 10 is a plan of thevalve-seat. Fig.

11 is an enlarged detail section of a modified form of air-nozzle fordirecting the blast against the motor-wheel which operates theair-controlling valve.

A is a cylinder, which is designed to be submerged, and which containsthree chambers A A A, each occupying one hundred and twenty degrees ofthe cylinder, being separated by radial vertical partitions A A A saidpartitions merging in a central hub or core A vertically tubular andconstituting the water-discharge passage. This central hub of thecylinder is at the lower portion expanded similarly in the angularspaces between the three vertical partitious, respectively, andchambered out in said expanded portion to form a valve-chamber A whichconstitutes horizontal expansion of the lower end of the water-dischargepassage A Each of the chambers A is entered at the top by an air-pipe B,and each has at the bottom two ports A and A, of which A is aneduction-port and A an induction-port. The eduction-port A leads by theduct (1 downward, then horizontally, and then upward into thevalve-chamber A the three passages o. from the three chambers,respectively, thus all entering the valve-chamber A and allcommunicating therethrough into the waterdischarge passage A Each of thedischargeports of the ducts 0. is closed by a downwardly-seating valve-that is, a valve which admits the water upward, but checks its flowdownward. I have for convenience of construction made these valves allof one piece of leather, and they may hereinafter be referred to as thecompound valve 0 C O. The particular construction of this compound valvewill be hereinafter described. Each of the induction-ports A is closedby a (IOVH? wardly-seating valve D, admitting the water up into thechamber, but preventingits outflow through said port. For convenience ofconstruction and to give ready access to all the valves I have made allthe valve-seats for the valves 0 C C and D D D in the same horizontalplane, and I divide the cylinderA at that horizontal plane, mounting allthe valves on the nppersurface of the lower por tion or base a, so thatupon the removal of the upper portion they are all exposed upon the topof said base. The two ports of the cylinder are secured together bybolts a a, inserted upward through the base and screwed into suitablebosses in the upper portion. In order to protect the valves from solidmatter in the water, since these chambers are most conveniently set ontheearth in the bottom of the well or reservoir from which they taketheir water-supply, I provide the jacket, comprising the bottom pan Eand the cylinder E, a littlelarger than the cylinderA and adapted,therefore, to receive the latter within it, the height of the cylinder Ebeing sufficient to protect the ports and valves from sediment, thejacket extending up to clear water, so as to admit only clear water overits upper margin, and thence down to the bottom and up through the portsA. For co'nvenience'the bolts which secure the parts or the cylinder Atogether pass up through the pan E, which forms the bottom of the jacketE E, and secures said jacket to the cylinder A.

The detail construction of the compound valve 0 G O and the controllingandsecuring devices associated with it I will now describe; Said valveconsists, as stated, of a sin gle' piece of leather or rubber or likeflexible material adapted for such p'urpose'a'nd' bound at the centerwithin the circle of the three dischargeports of the duct a by thespider O, which has thethree arms 0 0 0 overhanging the ports andextending upward obliquely from the center to serve as checks to limitthe opening of the valves. Said spider is bound to'the base a of thecylinder bya suitable screw 0 and is prevented from turhing, andth'ereby'prevents the valve 0 O C from turn ing, by the lugs O 0 C whichare clinched down around the edge of the boss aPatthe center of the basea, into which thebolt c is screwed. Said boss, it will be understood,extends up to the level of'the seats of the valve 0 O O. The valveportions '0 of the valve 0 C G are respectively clamped be tween upperand lewerwashers c'and c, the upper washers 0 having a diameter equal toor greater than the valve-seat 'andthe lower Washer 0 having a diameterlessthanthe discharge-port of the duct h The valves D D D are similarlyconstructed, being made of leather bound betweenthe washer D above and Dbelow,'the leather being riveted to the casting upon ribs a projectingup for the purpose to the height of the valve-seats, and the top washersD,whichbind said valves, are provided with tails D to serve as checks toprevent the valve being thrown over out of position by the entrance ofthe water. The discharge-pipe F is screwed into the dischargepassage Aand conducts the water to the point of final discharge. I

It 'will be understood thatupou the compressed air being admitted to anyone of the chambers Athroughits air-pipe B, the chamher being beforefilled with water, the force of such compressed air will drive th'ewaterout through the port A through the duct a pastthe valve 0, and throughthe-dischargepassage A and the discharge-pipe F, and that upon theair-pressure being removed and airvent permitted through said pipe thewater will flow in freely through the port A past the valve D. When onlytwo chambers are employed, the compressed air is customarily shiftedfrom one to the other by proper arrangement of valves, whichsimultaneously closes the vent of the chamber to which the pressure istransmitted and opens the vent of the other chamber, and since thepressure and vent ports of the'same chamber must not be open at the sametime the movement of the "valve is customarily such that there isan'instant during that movement at which the pressure is cut off fromboth chambers and the'water-expelling force therefore momentarilysuspended. My purpose in providing three chambers is to obviate thisdefect by having at all times one chamber, andduring a portion ofthetime two chambers, exposed to the compressed air, 'sothat there is noinstant at which the pressure of the air is not being exerted upon thewater in some one or more ofthe chambers and expelling it into thedischarge-pipe. The stream afiord'ed by" the pump is'the'reby madeabsolutely continuous and practically unvarying under like conditions ofpressure and supply. v

I will now describe the devices by which I regulate the admission ofcompressed air to the chambers successively and successively ve'nt's'aidchambers to admit wate'r thereto.

G G is a chamber which forms part of the air-passage from theair-compressoror source of compres sedair ofwhateve'r sort to thewater-chambers. H

G is a coupling for convenience o'f connecting the chamber G G to thewater-chambers and to the source of compressed air. The chamber is madein two parts G and G merely for the purpose of gaining access to theinterior mechanism.

G isa plug which affords a seat for the valve which controls theadmission of compressed air to the water-ch'ambers and the vent of airfrom the same. It has a central duct G Qand three ducts G arrangedaroundthe central duct at one hundred and twenty degrees apart. Merely forconvenience in connecting the pipes B B B 'tothe outer ends of theseducts G G G the latter are inclined to the central duct, so that theirlower ends are farther from it than their upper ends. The coupling G hasfour ducts G and G G G corresponding, respectively, to the positions ofthe ducts G and G G G, soit'hat' when said coupling is bolted fast tothe lower side o'f the lower portion G of the case. as seen in Fig. 7,the upper ports of its said ducts register with the lower ports of theducts in the valve-seat, respectively, and with them from continuousducts, the'central one being a vent-duct and terminating at the outerair at the lower side of the coupling, and the three surrounding ductsleading to theair-pipes B B B, respectively, which are screwed into thelower ends of the ducts G G G of the coupling.

B is an air-supply pipe from the compressor. It is screwed into the sideof the coupling G communicating with the duct G therein, which opensupwardly at the same face of the coupling at which the other verticalducts mentioned open and registers with theduct G in the portion G ofthe chamber, said duct extending along the under side of said chamberand upward at one side thereof and opening upwardly and registers withthe duct 9 in the upper portion G. It is apoint of great conveniencethat all the ducts which lead into the chambers G G emerge therefromthrough a single plane surface, and that the coupling G has itscorresponding ducts emerging at a corresponding plane surface, so that asheet of flat packing, suitably pierced at the locality of the ducts,interposed between said plane surfaces makes air-tight junctionsimultaneously for all the ducts when the coupling is bound by bolts orscrews directly to the chamber.

The duct Q12 is provided with a nozzle, as hereinafter described,through which the air is discharged into the interior cavity of thechamber against the vanes or pockets of a motor-wheel K, mounted, ashereinafter described, and adapted to revolve in the chamber.

K k K k K k K 71: are successive pairs of gears and pinions constitutingthe train from the motor-wheel K to the valve L. This valve has adownwardly-projecting hollow spindle L at its center, by which saidvalve is journaled in the upper end of the vent-duct G in the plug G andits periphery is cogged outside the circumference of the valve-seat, sothat it may be rotated by the. train described, which is driven by themotor-wheel K by means of the pinion N thereon. The duct Z in saidspindle L communicates by way of the port Z with the groove Z on thelower face of the valve, said groove being in the arc of a circle aboutthe center of the spindle L and occupying about one hundred and twentydegrees. On the same face of the valve, in a position diametricallyopposite to the said groove Z, is a similar groove Z of equal extent,which communicates with a vertical duct Z which extends entirely throughthe valve. The groove Z and the groove Z are each at a distance from thecenter of the valve equal to thatof the upper ports of the ducts G fromthe center of the duct G so that as the valve revolves about said centersaid grooves register successively with the upper ports of the ducts GIn order to understand the purpose and effect of this construction andarrangement of the valve and its seat, assume at the start that thevalve L stands in such position that the groove Z overhangs the upperport of one of the ducts G.

through the groove Z and the duct l, leading therefrom out through thespindle L of the valve, and the duct G of the plug G At the same time,since the groove Z occupies one hundred and twenty degrees, it willalways overhang one of the ducts G and place suchd not, and therebythechamberwith which it communicates, in communication through the duct Zwith the interior cavity of the chamber G G, and will thereby expose itswater-chamber to the pressure of the compressed air which is admittedthrough the chamber G G. The third duct G will, according to theposition of the valve, be either partly overhung by the groove Z orpartly overhung by the groove Z or closed by the portion of thevalve-face which intervenes between the proximate ends of saidgroovesthat is, the third water-chamber will be either in communicationwith the vent and be filling with water or in communication with thecompressed air, and thereby be emptying, or will be closed, so thatthere will always be at least one chamber filling and one chamberemptying, and the third chamber will either be filling or emptying orinactive, according to the position of the valve. If now the valve becaused to revolve steadily, it will be evident that as the groove Zcomes into communication successively with the ducts G respectively,andthereby exposes the water-chambers A A A successively to the compressedair, each chamber will be kept in communication with compressed airthrough something more than one-third of a revolution of the valve, andsuch communication will then be cut oif an instant, and the groove Zcominginto communication with the same duct G will afford vent for theair in the water-chamber and permit it to fill for something more thanone-third of a revolution of the valve, to be followed in turn by thegroove 1 an instant closed again. Each water-chamber will be thusalternately exposed to the air-pressure and relieved therefrom andpermitted to vent, with an interval of an instant between the twoconditions at each'change, and each of the grooves Z and Z will makecommunication with the succeeding duct Gr before they pass out ofcommunication with the preceding. If now the speed of rotation of thevalve be such that the time occupied by the groove Z in passing a givenaperature is no more than sufficient for the water-chamber with whichcommunication is thus made to empty, there will always be at least onechamber from which water will be in process of discharge, and if theperiod of time necessary for a water-chamber to fill under theconditions existing in a given instancethat is, the head of water andthe size of the induction-port A is not greater than that same interval,each chamber will be completely filledduring the time the groove Z ispassing the duct G which leads into it, and the supply will therefore befully maintained. When any desired degree of pressure is obtainable, theair-pressure may be regulated according to the head of water, so thatthe emptying of each chamber will be accomplished in the same time asthe filling, so that the rate at which water may be elevated shall be asgreat as possible in view of the head of water in the reservoir; butunder any given and permanent conditions as to the head of water, wherethe airpressure obtainable is limited, the groove Z may be made of suchlength only as is necessary to keep the vent open as long as is requiredto'fill the chamber and the groove Z extended by as much as the groove Zmay be under this condition diminished, thus making the period ofexposure of each chamber to pressure proportioned to the period of itsrelief from pressure and opportunity to vent, as the head of wateravailable for filling is to the pressure of air available for emptying.The interval between the proximate ends of the grooves Z and Z need beno more than enough to cover the ports of the ducts G respectively; butthe groove 1 must be long enough to lap at the same time over two ofsaid ports. All variations in the arrangein ent may be tested by thesetwo requirements.

The motor-wheel K rotates the valve by the train already described, thetrain being interposed to reduce the speed from the very I rapid speedwhich the motor-wheel is designed to receive to the moderate or veryslow speed which the valve should have. The compressed 3 rotate thevalve, its tension or capacity for elevating the water beinginappreciably affected by the retardment, which is caused by the nozzle,which is necessary to condense it to a jet or blast to adaptit torevolve the wheel. Any form of nozzle will serve the purpose to adegree; but when high pressure is obtainable the retardinent of a smallnozzle is proportionately much greater than when the pressure is low,and since it is only necessary to condense the blast sufficiently togive it the speed which it must have to properly revolve themotor-wheel, and any further condensation resulting in a higher speedcauses a waste of energy, I have provided an automatically-adjustingnozzle, which I will now describe.

The duct 9 is formed in the horizontallyprojecting boss G in the uppermember or cap G of the case G G, the outer end of said boss beingehlarged and having an enlarged cavity 913 and being divided by a planethrough that cavity at right angles to the direction of the duct g theremovable cap or head G of said boss serving to bind between itself andthe body of the boss an elas-' tic diaphragm P. To the center of thisdiaphragm P there is attached the nozzle Q, which is tapered at itsinnermost end q and fits a tapered seat q in the larger nozzle-cavity Q,which is provided as a terminal of the duct 9 A spring R, seated back ofthe diaphragm at the rear or outer end of the nozzle Q and in the cap Gtends to force said nozzle inward and to seat its tapered end q in thetapered seat q. The air gains access from the duct 9 into the nozzle Qthrough openings The diaphragm P experiences at the outer side-2". e.,the side toward the cap G the pressure which exists in the chambers G G,air communication from the chamber to that side of the diaphragm being"provided through the duct 9 but on the other side it experiences suchadditional pressure as is due to the retardment of the injected air bythe nozzle. When,therefore, the pressure from the compressor is great,the small aperture of the nozzle Q, permitting the discharge of thecompressed air into the chamber G only at a moderate rate, causes thetension of the air at the inner side of the diaphragm to be increasedabove the tension which exists in the chamber and at the other side ofthe diaphragm and causes said diaphragm therefore to yield outward, andthereby to draw with it the nozzle Q, and in so doing to open the largeraperture of the nozzle Q and permit freer discharge of the compressedair into the chamber. The extent of the opening thus afforded will bepartly affected by the tension of the spring R, which may be employed toadd its resistance to that of the compressed air back of the diaphragmto restrain the withdrawing movement of the nozzle Q.

In order to prevent the smaller interior nozzle Q from being stopped upby dust which may be present in the air, I provide the cleaning-rod Swithin said nozzle. Said rod is fixed upon a cross-pin S, which islodged at the inward side of the cavity 9 in the'margin of the duct 9and retained by the washer S the nozzle Q having apertures g g atopposite sides, whereat said cross-pin passes out through it, saidapertures being elongated to permit the desired play of the nozzle.obstruction which restricts the discharge of air through the nozzle andtends, therefore, to cause the diaphragm to yield and carry the nozzleoutward draws the nozzle back over the plungerand causes thelatter to beforced through the mouth of the nozzle and relieves it of obstruction.The rod S need not fit so closely in the duct of the nozzle Q as toprevent the passage of air about it into the nozzle, and the apertures(1 may therefore perform partly the function of the apertures g Amodified form of double nozzle is shown in Fig. ll, which I will nowdescribe. The boss G is drilled out to the shoulders g and g and theouter nozzle Q is preferably made as a complete lining for the bore andas a complete nozzle independent of the walls of the duct 9 and it isformed with the flange or shoulder Q which stops on the shoulder g andthe cap G is made in the form of a plug, which screws into the outer endof the ICC Any t bore or duct 9 which is suitably threaded for thatpurpose, and binds the said nozzle Q fixedly in place. The duct gjenters the duct 9 nearthe end of the nozzle Q, and the latter has thenotch g, which is made to register with the mouth of said duct andthereby the pressure of airin the chamber is admitted intothe nozzle Q.Within the nozzle Q' the nozzle Q is placed, its nose being adapted toseat in the discharge-mouth of the nozzle Q and its body being so muchsmaller than the cavity of the nozzle Q as to leave ample air-spaceabout it, but having Wings Q13 (1 by which it is held centrally in theouter nozzle and guided longitudinally by the walls of the latter. Therear end of the inner nozzle is provided with a flange or head g, whichcorresponds in function with the diaphragm P, for packing bound in placeagainst the head by the cap-nut g makes said head a piston rigid withthe inner nozzle, and against which the air-pressure operates towithdraw the nozzle precisely as said pressure operates on saiddiaphragm. The cap-plug G is chambered out to afford space for thespring R, which reacts between said plug and the end of the innernozzle-viz., the cap-nut It will be observed that the plug G13 isvirtuallya part of the outer nozzle, be ing only severed from theprincipal body thereof for the purpose of admitting the in: ner nozzleand the spring. In the form shown in Fig. 6 the body of the outer nozzleis formed by the casting-boss G Considered broadly the larger nozzle isa Vent or relief port, through which when it is opened compressed airmay enter freely, and the inner nozzle is a valve which normally seatsin said vent-port and is unseated by the excess of pressure in thechamber beyond some limit predetermined by the tension given to thespring R, a portion of the air passing in any case through the innernozzle against the wheel androtating it as when the vent-port is closed,and it is of secondary or slight consequence whether the remainingquantity of compressed air which passes through the vent-port when thelatter is opened impinges on the wheel or not.

For convenience of reference I have termed the cavityof the chamberGG',a compressedair chamber; but by this term I mean merely a cavity whichis in communication with a source of compressed air. It is in effect, sofar as the relation to the rotary valve is concerned, merelya partof theconduit from the source of compressed air to the waterchambers, althoughspecifically for the purpose of the particular valve-actuating devicesshown it is an enlargement of that conduit.

I claim- 1. Inapneu matic water-elevator,aplurality 0E water-chambers,combined with a tourpressed-air chamber and a rotary valve whichcontrols communication of the compressedair chamber with thewater-chambers, respectively, the valve-seat having a port leading to.,each watei chamber, and the valve having a single port leading fromitsseating face into the air-chamber, said valve-port be;

ing extended at the face of the valve in the path of the rotary movementof the valve farther than the angular distance between consecutive portsof the seat, whereby each water-chamber is brought into communicationwith the compressed-air chamber before the preceding one is out of suchcommunication, substantially as set forth.

2. In apneumatic water-elevator,aplurality of water-chambers having acommon discharge-pipe, combined with a compressed-air chamber and arotary valve which controls communication of the air-chamber with thewater-chambers, respectively, the valve-seat having the port or wayleading to each waterchamber, and the valve having a single port leadingfrom its seating-face into the airchamber, said valve-port beingextended'at the face of the valve in the path of the rotary movement ofthe valve farther than the angular distance between consecutive ports ofthe seat, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. Inapneumaticwater-elevator,aplurality of water-chambers, combinedwith a compressed-airchamber, a rotary valve which controlscommunication between th e air-chamber and the water-chambers,respectively, the wa-' ter-chambers having each a water-induction port,the valve-seat having a port leading to each water-chamber and anadditional port encircling the axis of rotation of the valve and leadingto the outer air for a vent-port, the valve having a single port leadingfrom its face into the air-chamber, the mouth of said port atthe facebeing extended in the path of the rotary movement of the valve fartherthan the angular distance between consecutive ports in the seat whichlead to the Water-chambers and registering with such ports as the valverevolves, said valve having a duct, one port of which in its path ofrotation with the valve traverses the ports in the seat which lead tothe water-chambers, while the other port registers continuously with thevent-port of the seat, the ports of the valve which communicate,respectively, with the vent-port of the seat and with the compressedairchamber being separated by an angular distance as great as the angularextent of each of said ports of the seat leading to the water-chambers,respectively, whereby communication of the compressed-air chamber witheach water-chamber continues until like communication is establishedwith the next water-chamber and ceases before communication isestablished with the vent-port, substantially as set forth.

4. In a pneumatic water-elevator,aplurality of water-chambers, acompressed-air chamber, a valve-seat within said compressed-air chamber,having a central port leading to the outer air and a plurality of portssimilarly disposed at equal angular distances about said central IIOportand comm nnicat-ing with the-water=chamhers, respectively, and arotary'valvehaving two ports on its face oppositely disposed withrespect to the center, one port communicating inwardly into theair-chamber and the other port communicating with the central port ofthe seat, the angular extentot' said valve-ports being greater than theangular distance between the ports of the seat which lead to thewater-chambers and the angular distance between the valve-ports beingnot less than the angular extent of said seatports, substantially as setforth.

5. In a pneumatic water-elevator, in combination with thewater-chambers, a compressed-air chamber, and a rotary valve whichcontrols communication between the compressed-air chamberand the waterchambers, respectively, a wheel adapted to be actuated by an air jet orblast, and connections from said wheel to said rotary valve, whereby therotation of the wheel rotates the valve, substantially as set forth.

6. In a pneumatic water-elevator, in combination with thewater-chambers,acom pressedair chamber, and a rotary valve which controls communicationbetween the compressedair chamber and the water-chambers,respectively, awheel adapted to be actuated by an air jet or blast, and speed-reducingconnections from said wheel to said rotary valve, whereby the wheel mayhave high speed and rotate the "alve slowly, substantially as set forth.

7. In a pneumatic water-elevator, in combination with thewater-chambers, a compressedair chamber, and a rotary valve whichcontrols communication between the compressedair chamber and thewater-chambers, respectively, a wheel in said compressed-air chamberadapted to be actuated by an air jet or blast, and connections from saidwheel to said rotary valve, whereby the rotation of the wheel rotatesthe valve, and a nozzle through which the compressed air is introducedinto said compressed-air chamber; disposed in position to direct suchcompressed airin a jet against the wheel, whereby the compressed airwhich operates in the water-chambers to expel the water operates,also,in the air-chamber to rotate the valve, substantially as set forth.

8. In a pneumatic water-elevator, in combination with I thewater-chambers, the compressed-air chamber, and a rotary valve whichcontrols communication between the compressed-airchamber and thewater-chambers, respectively, a wheel in said compressed-air chamberadapted to be actuated by an air jet or blast, and connections from saidwheel to said rotary valve, whereby the wheel rotates the valve, aconduitleading to the compressedair chamber, and two ports by which itcommunicates with the latter, one being adapted to direct the air in ajet upon the wheel, a valve normally closing the other port and adaptedto be unseated by ai r-pressu re within the conduit, whereby itconstitutes a reliefport to diminish the velocity of the air through thejet-port, substantially as set forth.

. 9. In combination with the water-chambers and the compressed-airchamber, the latter having the duct G and the ducts G and G all saidducts terminating at the same lower face of said air-chamber, thecoupling G having ducts which register one end with all said ducts ofthe air-chamber, and air-pipes from the water-chambers, and thecompressed-airsupply pipe B, screwed into the outer ends of said ducts,respectively, in the coupling,substantially as set forth. 2

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of twowitnesses, at

Chicago, Illinois, this 2d day of September,

THOMAS O. PERRY. Witnesses:

CHAS. S. BURTON, JEAN ELLIOTT.

